In this article, we survey the recent literature and discuss two contrasting views on the direct and indirect
impacts of automation on employment. A first view predicts that firms that automation reduce
employment (a negative \u201cdirect effect\u201d), even if this may ultimately result in new job creations taking
advantage of the lower equilibrium wage induced by job destructions (a positive \u201cindirect effect\u201d). A
second approach emphasizes the market size and business stealing effects of automation. Automating
firms become more productive, which enables them to lower their quality-adjusted prices, and therefore
to increase the demand for their products. The resulting increase in scale translates into higher
employment by automating firms (a positive \u201cdirect effect\u201d), potentially at the expense of their
competitors (a negative \u201cindirect effect\u201d through business stealing). Drawing from our empirical work
on French firm-level data and a growing literature covering multiple countries, we provide empirical
support for this second view: automation has a positive direct effect on employment at the firm level.
We discuss the implications of these results for the taxation of automation technologies such as robots.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
In this article, we survey the recent literature and discuss two contrasting views on the direct and indirectimpacts of automation on employment. A first view predicts that firms that automation reduceemployment (a negative \u201cdirect effect\u201d), even if this may ultimately result in new job creations takingadvantage of the lower equilibrium wage induced by job destructions […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true},"thematique":[80,82,49,83],"type-de-publication":[45],"class_list":["post-402","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry","thematique-ai","thematique-employment","thematique-growth","thematique-policy","type-de-publication-working-paper"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n